Organic Vs Chemical Garden Cures

Credit: Lane Tredway: Pyriculria grisea: fescues, kikuyugrass, ryegrasses, St. Augustinegrass: irregular blighted spots of grass with bleached areas with dark margins on leaves; ryegrass develops a fishhook look: daytime temperature levels of 8595F; high humidity or rains; overwatered and overfertilized grass: irrigate effectively; do not overfertilize; minimize shading; increase air motion: fungicides are readily available, but cultural controls are more practical Fusarium patch damage to bentgrass grass.

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McCain: Microdochium nivale: annual bluegrass, bluegrasses, fescues, ryegrasses, zoysiagrass: circular patches of 12 inches that can enlarge to 12 inches; leaves first appear watersoaked, then reddish brown, and finally bleached; minute, gelatinous spore masses in some cases seen on dead leaves; white or pinkish fungal threads might be seen in early morning; more prevalent in Central and Northern California: regularly cool temperature levels (4065F) and damp conditions; high nitrogen applications in fall; neutral or alkaline soil pH; pathogen endures in grass residues: reduce shade and enhance soil aeration and water drainage; water appropriate length of time; avoid excess nitrogen, particularly in fall; maintain soil pH in between 6.56.7.

Credit: M. Ali Harivandi: Bipolaris spp. and Helminthosporium spp.: bermudagrass, bluegrasses, fescues, kikuyugrass, ryegrasses, zoysiagrasses: circular to extended brownish spots with brown centers and dark brown or purple borders on leaf blades, sheaths, and stems; crowns and roots often have a dark brown rot; crown-infected plants may pass away in hot, windy weather condition, leaving thinned areas throughout the turf; spores are windborne: warm temperatures (7090F) for bluegrasses, ryegrasses, and fescues; cool temperatures (6070F) for bermudagrass and zoysiagrass; high humidity; low clipped turfgrass; most serious with excess nitrogen fertilization or deficiency: reduce shade; enhance soil aeration and water drainage; avoid dry areas and excessive nitrogen fertilizer; preserve as high a cutting height as possible: fungicides available however typically not necessitated Pythium blight (grease spot), brought on by Pythium sp., on a ryegrass and bluegrass yard.

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Ali Harivandi: Pythium spp.: all yards: small, circular areas (26 inches) that run together; blackened leaf blades quickly wither, turn reddish brown, lie flat, stick, and appear greasy; roots may be brown; in humid conditions, masses of fungal mycelium might appear: low spots that stay wet; warm temperatures (8095F daytime, > 68F night time); survives as spores in soil for long periods: decrease shading; enhance soil aeration and water drain; water appropriate length of time; prevent trimming damp yard and applying high levels of nitrogen throughout hot, humid weather: fungicides available but mainly prevented by cultural practices in California Patches of high fescue turfgrass infected with Rhizoctonia blight.

Recognising Common Garden Pests Effectively

Credit: Arthur H. McCain: Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2LP: bermudagrasses, kikuyugrass, St. Augustine turf, zoysiagrass: very first looks like little, irregular brown spots or rings that can enlarge to many feet in size; centers may recuperate leading to rings of infected lawn; leaves and sheaths end up being watersoaked, wilt, turn light brown, and die; plants take out easily from soil with rotten stolons, in light invasions, roots typically not contaminated and plants typically recuperate; soil-inhabiting fungi that forms fine, fungal threads in soil or on turfgrass: excess thatch and mat together with cool temperature levels (6070F); wet soil conditions: lower shading and improve soil aeration and water drainage; water appropriate length of time to a depth of 46 inches; prevent excess nitrogen in the fall; maintain thatch less than 1/2 inch: fungicide helpful if illness serious in previous Red thread damage to turf foliage.

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McCain: Laetisaria fuciformis: bentgrasses, bermudagrasses bluegrasses, fescues, ryegrasses: red thread might kill turfgrass in spots that are 28 inches in diameter, or the disease might occur over big areas without eliminating the plants; pink web of fungal threads bind the leaves together; look for pink, gelatinous fungal crusts projecting from the leaves to assist identify this disease: typical under conditions of mild air temperature levels (6075F) and extended durations of leaf moisture; typically appears on plants deficient in nitrogen during durations of cool or warm temperatures if there is sufficient wetness (e.g., excess watering or rains): appropriate watering and fertilization can lower the occurrence; sufficient nitrogen typically can prevent this disease from happening; avoid drought tension by watering turfgrass based upon evapotranspiration requirements of the turfgrass; supply sufficient air circulation; minimize shading: fungicides rarely called for except in severe cases Rust damage to bluegrass foliage.